Archeplastida
Basically biflagellate (the number of flagella varies from 0 to 16, sometimes undulipodia and centrioles secondarily lost), predominantly autotrophic organisms, the plastids of which are the result of the primary endosymbiosis with cyanobacteria. A root system in flagellate forms as cruciform lying microtubular roots. Undulipodia either smooth or scaly. The chloroplasts envelopes 2-membrane, photosynthetic pigments are chlorophylls a and b, or in red algae, instead of chlorophyll b, phycoerythrins/phycocyanins. Glaucophytes acquired cyanelles primarily or secondarily, but in the last case the primary endosymbiont has a cyanobacterial nature too. Mitochondrial cristae are predominantly flat, although some rhodophytes have vesicular cristae. Among the archeplastids, all types of plant organization are observed, including the “crown” one, vascular plants.
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