Archeplastida

Basically biflagellate (the number of flagella varies from 0 to 16, sometimes undulipodia and centrioles secondarily lost), predominantly autotrophic organisms, the plastids of which are the result of the primary endosymbiosis with cyanobacteria. A root system in flagellate forms as cruciform lying microtubular roots. Undulipodia either smooth or scaly. The chloroplasts envelopes 2-membrane, photosynthetic pigments are chlorophylls a and b, or in red algae, instead of chlorophyll b, phycoerythrins/phycocyanins. Glaucophytes acquired cyanelles primarily or secondarily, but in the last case the primary endosymbiont has a cyanobacterial nature too. Mitochondrial cristae are predominantly flat, although some rhodophytes have vesicular cristae. Among the archeplastids, all types of plant organization are observed, including the “crown” one, vascular plants.

References

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• DIAPHORETICKES [Adl et al., 2012]
•• Archeplastida [Adl et al., 2005]
••• Glaucophyta [Skuja, 1954 in higher rank in Adl et al., 2005]
•••• Glaucocystophyta [Kies, Kremer 1986]
••• Rhodophyta [Wettstein, 1922]
•••• Rhodelphidiophyta [Gavryluk et al., 2019]
•••• Cyanidiophyta [Merola et al., 1981]
•••• Proteorhodophyta [Munoz-Gomez et al., 2017] ined.
•••• Eurhodophyta [Saunders, Hommersand, 2004] ined.
••• Chloroplastida [Adl et al., 2005]
•••• Prasinodermophyta [Li et al., 2020]
••••• Prasinodermophyceae [Li et al., 2020]
••••• Palmophyllophyceae [Leliaert et al., 2016]
•••• Chlorophyta [Pascher, 1914]
•••••• Chlorodendrophyceae [Fritsch, 1917]
•••••• Pedinophyceae [Moestrup, 1991]
•••••• Chloropicophyceae [Lopes dos Santos et al., 2017]
••••• Picocystophyceae [Lopes dos Santos et al., 2017]
•••••• Pyramimonadophyceae [Chadefaud, 1950] ined.
•••••• Mamiellophyceae [Marin, Melkonian, 2010]
•••••• Nephroselmidophyceae [Cavalier-Smith, 1993]
•••••• Pycnococcophyceae [Guillard et al., 1991] ined.
•••• Streptophyta [Bremer, 1985]
••••• Chlorokybophytina [Lewis, McCourt 2004] ined.
••••• Mesostigmatophytina [Marin, Melkonian 1999] ined.
••••• Klebsormidiophytina [van den Hoek et al., 1995] ined.
••••• Zygnematophytina [van den Hoek et al., 1995]
••••• Coleochaetophytina [Jeffrey, 1982] ined.
••••• Charophytina [Smith, 1938] ined.
••••• Embryophytina [Engler, 1886] ined.

Rank correlation:
• ~Subdomain;
•• ~ Kingdom;
••• ~ Superphylum;
••••~ Phylum;
••••• ~ Subphylum;
•••••• ~ Class